[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"painting-the-tower-of-babel":3,"painting-artists-the-tower-of-babel":80},{"title":4,"id":5,"artists":6,"slug":28,"date":29,"description":30,"height":31,"image":32,"inPrivateCollection":33,"isLocationUnknown":33,"originalTitle":34,"popularity":35,"width":36,"wikipediaId":37,"collections":38,"genres":39,"museum":48,"movements":73,"mediums":75},"The Tower of Babel","16d9200d-13ec-4c66-81f0-c4c56f83fa34",[7],{"name":8,"id":9,"nationality":10,"slug":14,"biography":15,"born":16,"death":17,"image":18,"popularity":19,"sex":20,"wikipediaId":21,"movements":22},"Pieter Bruegel the Elder","833bc0f8-ca7e-4338-a03e-c072a4507ee0",{"id":11,"name":12,"slug":13},"a9c6c9dc-fe5f-46ac-ad89-5121979f7bb7","Dutch","dutch","pieter-bruegel-the-elder","Pieter Bruegel (also Brueghel or Breughel) the Elder (\u002Fˈbrɔɪɡəl\u002F BROY-gəl, US also \u002Fˈbruːɡəl\u002F BROO-gəl; Dutch: ⓘ; c. 1525–1530 – 9 September 1569) was among the most significant artists of Dutch and Flemish Renaissance painting, a painter and printmaker, known for his landscapes and peasant scenes (so-called genre painting); he was a pioneer in presenting both types of subject as large paintings.\n\nHe was a formative influence on Dutch Golden Age painting and later painting in general in his innovative choices of subject matter, as one of the first generation of artists to grow up when religious subjects had ceased to be the natural subject matter of painting. He also painted no portraits, the other mainstay of Netherlandish art. After his training and travels to Italy, he returned in 1555 to settle in Antwerp, where he worked mainly as a prolific designer of prints for the leading publisher of the day. At the end of the 1550s, he made painting his main medium, and all his famous paintings come from the following period of little more than a decade before his early death in 1569, when he was probably in his early forties.\n\nIn the 20th and 21st centuries, Bruegel's works have inspired artists in both the literary arts and in cinema. His painting Landscape with the Fall of Icarus, now thought only to survive in copies, is the subject of the final lines of the 1938 poem \"Musée des Beaux Arts\" by W. H. Auden. Russian film director Andrei Tarkovsky refers to Bruegel's paintings in his films several times, including Solaris (1972) and Mirror (1975). Director Lars von Trier also uses Bruegel's paintings in his film Melancholia (2011). In 2011, the film The Mill and the Cross was released featuring Bruegel's The Procession to Calvary.","c. 1525–1530","1569-07-09","pieter-bruegel-the-elder\u002Fpieter-bruegel-the-elder",36,"MALE","Pieter_Bruegel_the_Elder",[23],{"name":24,"id":25,"slug":26,"dates":27},"Dutch and Flemish Renaissance Painting","e3e309cb-5cb4-4677-9666-883b94d423fd","dutch-and-flemish-renaissance-painting","","the-tower-of-babel","c. 1563","The Tower of Babel was the subject of two surviving paintings and one lost painting by Dutch and Flemish Renaissance painter Pieter Bruegel the Elder. The earliest of the three, a miniature painted on ivory, was completed in 1552–1553 while Bruegel was in Rome, and is now lost. The two surviving works are oil paintings on wood panels, sometimes distinguished by the prefix \"Great\" and \"Little\" and by their present location: Kunsthistorisches Museum Wien in Vienna and the latter in the Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen in Rotterdam. The Tower of Babel in Vienna is dated 1563, while the version in Rotterdam is undated but widely believed to have been painted sometime after.\n\nThe paintings depict the construction of the Tower of Babel, which, according to the Book of Genesis in the Bible, was built by a unified, monolingual humanity as a mark of their achievement and to prevent their dispersion: \"Then they said, 'Come, let us build ourselves a city, and a tower with its top in the heavens, and let us make a name for ourselves; otherwise we shall be scattered abroad upon the face of the whole earth.'\" God punishes the builders for their vanity by \"confusing their speech\" into different languages so that they could no longer communicate; however, in both paintings, Bruegel focuses on the construction of the tower rather than the biblical story as a whole.\n\nThe (Little) Tower of Babel in Rotterdam is painted on a canvas of half the width and half the height of The (Great) Tower of Babel in Vienna. The two paintings share the same composition, and modern X-rays reveal that the Tower in Rotterdam initially resembled the one in Vienna even more closely. However, the two paintings differ greatly in specific details, including the architectural style of the towers, the color palette and hues, the progress of the tower's construction, and the human figures in the scene. Most notably, the Vienna version has a group in the foreground, with the main figure presumably Nimrod, who was believed in some Christian traditions to have ordered the construction of the tower.\n\nBruegel's composition of the Tower of Babel, particularly in the Vienna version, is considered the most famous and widely emulated depiction; both paintings are regarded as among his best works, and are considered exemplars of his characteristically painstaking and \"encyclopedic\" attention to detail.",114,"pieter-bruegel-the-elder\u002Fthe-tower-of-babel\u002Fthe-tower-of-babel",false,"Toren van Babel (Dutch)",64,155,"The_Tower_of_Babel_(Bruegel)",[],[40,44],{"name":41,"id":42,"slug":43},"Christian Art","4de47523-b108-4653-9de4-31aebbb8634c","christian-art",{"name":45,"id":46,"slug":47},"Religion","6f789abc-def0-4567-8901-23456789abcd","religion",{"address":49,"latitude":50,"longitude":51,"name":52,"zipCode":53,"id":54,"city":55,"slug":65,"description":66,"background":67,"logo":68,"phone":69,"popularity":70,"schedules":27,"website":71,"wikipediaId":72},"Maria-Theresia-Platz",48.2045,16.3617,"Kunsthistorisches Museum","1010","00a5c537-08e0-48a4-a184-fd3ec90643de",{"latitude":56,"longitude":57,"name":58,"id":59,"country":60,"slug":64,"image":27},48.21,16.3634,"Vienna","553e73b1-ab2a-47a9-9161-414b1448bd95",{"id":61,"name":62,"slug":63},"61d0d633-e12c-4178-88d8-80538b7d7941","Austria","austria","vienna","kunsthistorisches-museum","The Kunsthistorisches Museum Wien (lit. \"Vienna Museum of Art History\", often referred to as the \"Museum of Fine Arts, Vienna\") is an art museum in Vienna, Austria. Housed in its festive palatial building on the Vienna Ring Road, it is crowned with an octagonal dome. The term Kunsthistorisches Museum applies to both the institution and the main building. It is the largest art museum in the country.\n\nEmperor Franz Joseph I of Austria-Hungary opened the facility around 1891 at the same time as the Natural History Museum, Vienna which has a similar design and is directly across Maria-Theresien-Platz. The two buildings were constructed between 1871 and 1891 according to plans by Gottfried Semper and Baron Karl von Hasenauer. The emperor commissioned the two Ringstraße museums to create a suitable home for the Habsburgs' formidable art collection and to make it accessible to the general public. The buildings are rectangular, with symmetrical Renaissance Revival façades of sandstone lined with large arched windows on the main levels and topped with octagonal domes 60 metres (200 ft) high. The interiors of the museums are lavishly decorated with marble, stucco ornamentation, gold-leaf, and murals. The grand stairway features paintings by Gustav Klimt, Ernst Klimt, Franz Matsch, Hans Makart and Mihály Munkácsy.","kunsthistorisches-museum\u002Fbackground\u002Fkunsthistorisches-museum_background","kunsthistorisches-museum\u002Flogo\u002Fkunsthistorisches-museum_logo","+43 1 52524-0",31,"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.khm.at\u002Fen\u002F","Kunsthistorisches_Museum",[74],{"name":24,"id":25,"slug":26,"dates":27},[76],{"name":77,"id":78,"slug":79},"Oil on wood panel","2c512c4c-2284-47ff-a0ad-bbb056afb573","oil-on-wood-panel",[81],[82],{"title":83,"id":84,"artists":85,"slug":88,"date":89,"description":90,"height":91,"image":92,"inPrivateCollection":33,"isLocationUnknown":33,"originalTitle":93,"popularity":94,"width":95,"wikipediaId":96,"collections":97,"genres":98,"museum":103,"movements":106,"mediums":111},"The Hunters in the Snow","500c1d29-c7c0-44eb-9674-3238d11a3028",[86],{"name":8,"id":9,"nationality":87,"slug":14,"biography":15,"born":16,"death":17,"image":18,"popularity":19,"sex":20,"wikipediaId":21},{"id":11,"name":12,"slug":13},"the-hunters-in-the-snow","1565","The Hunters in the Snow (Dutch: Jagers in de Sneeuw), also known as The Return of the Hunters, is a 1565 oil-on-wood painting by Pieter Bruegel the Elder. The Northern Renaissance work is one of a series of works, five of which still survive, that depict different times of the year. The painting is in the collection of the Kunsthistorisches Museum in Vienna, Austria. This scene is set in the depths of winter during December\u002FJanuary.",117,"pieter-bruegel-the-elder\u002Fthe-hunters-in-the-snow\u002Fthe-hunters-in-the-snow","Jagers in de Sneeuw (Dutch)",112,162,"The_Hunters_in_the_Snow",[],[99],{"name":100,"id":101,"slug":102},"Landscape","3c4d5e6f-789a-4bcd-9ef0-1234567890ab","landscape",{"address":49,"latitude":50,"longitude":51,"name":52,"zipCode":53,"id":54,"city":104,"slug":65,"description":66,"background":67,"logo":68,"phone":69,"popularity":70,"schedules":27,"website":71,"wikipediaId":72},{"latitude":56,"longitude":57,"name":58,"id":59,"country":105,"slug":64,"image":27},{"id":61,"name":62,"slug":63},[107],{"name":108,"id":109,"slug":110,"dates":27},"Northern Renaissance","4c419af9-b643-419d-ae72-d8d323eade1d","northern-renaissance",[112],{"name":113,"id":114,"slug":115},"Oil on panel","add2c9be-2409-4d33-a0f0-f1458756d373","oil-on-panel"]