[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"museum-musee-d-orsay":3,"museum-nearby-musee-d-orsay":41,"museum-paintings-musee-d-orsay":107},{"address":4,"latitude":5,"longitude":6,"name":7,"zipCode":8,"id":9,"city":10,"slug":21,"description":22,"background":23,"logo":24,"phone":25,"popularity":26,"schedules":27,"website":28,"wikipediaId":29,"popularPaintingImages":30},"1 Rue de la Légion d'Honneur",48.86,2.3266,"Musée d'Orsay","75007","e3189a17-9a4c-4dd4-bc32-49a8f12e1ab3",{"latitude":11,"longitude":12,"name":13,"id":14,"country":15,"slug":19,"image":20},48.8566,2.3522,"Paris","c9f0f895-fbdd-4ad7-9f28-2af0649b67a6",{"id":16,"name":17,"slug":18},"a9e28580-2462-4a82-8456-a1e0f199e85f","France","france","paris","","musee-d-orsay","The Musée d'Orsay (UK: \u002Fˌmjuːzeɪ dɔːrˈseɪ\u002F MEW-zay dor-SAY, US: \u002Fmjuːˈzeɪ -\u002F mew-ZAY -⁠, French: ; English: Orsay Museum) is a museum in Paris, France, on the Left Bank of the Seine. It is housed in the former Gare d'Orsay, a Beaux-Arts railway station built from 1898 to 1900. The museum holds mainly French art (including works by France based foreign artists) dating from 1848 to 1914, including paintings, sculptures, furniture, and photography. It houses the largest collection of Impressionist and post-Impressionist masterpieces in the world, by painters including Berthe Morisot, Claude Monet, Édouard Manet, Degas, Renoir, Cézanne, Seurat, Sisley, Gauguin, and van Gogh. Many of these works were held at the Galerie nationale du Jeu de Paume prior to the museum's opening in 1986. It is one of the largest art museums in Europe.\n\nIn 2022 the museum had 3.2 million visitors, up from 1.4 million in 2021. It was the sixth-most-visited art museum in the world in 2022, and second-most-visited art museum in France, after the Louvre.","musee-dorsay\u002Fbackground\u002Fmusee-dorsay_background","musee-dorsay\u002Flogo\u002Fmusee-dorsay_logo","01 40 49 48 14",9,"Daily: 09:30 AM - 18:00 PM\nThursday: open until 09:45 PM\nMonday, 1 May, 25 December: closed","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.musee-orsay.fr","Musée_d'Orsay",[31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40],"vincent-van-gogh\u002Fself-portrait\u002Fself-portrait","edouard-manet\u002Folympia\u002Folympia","edouard-manet\u002Fluncheon-on-the-grass\u002Fluncheon-on-the-grass","pierre-auguste-renoir\u002Fdance-at-moulin-de-la-galette\u002Fdance-at-moulin-de-la-galette","vincent-van-gogh\u002Fbedroom-in-arles\u002Fbedroom-in-arles","vincent-van-gogh\u002Fstarry-night-over-the-rhone\u002Fstarry-night-over-the-rhone","james-abbott-mc-neill-whistler\u002Farrangement-in-grey-and-black-no-1-whistlers-mother\u002Farrangement-in-grey-and-black-no-1-whistlers-mother","jean-francois-millet\u002Fthe-gleaners\u002Fthe-gleaners","gustave-caillebotte\u002Fthe-floor-scrapers\u002Fthe-floor-scrapers","vincent-van-gogh\u002Fportrait-of-dr-gachet\u002Fportrait-of-dr-gachet",[42,60,74,92],{"address":43,"latitude":44,"longitude":45,"name":46,"zipCode":47,"id":48,"city":49,"slug":51,"description":52,"background":53,"logo":54,"phone":55,"popularity":56,"schedules":57,"website":58,"wikipediaId":59},"Rue de Rivoli",48.8606,2.3376,"The Louvre","75001","3e34a0d4-4a99-4a9b-b804-3459b1a9d4f8",{"latitude":11,"longitude":12,"name":13,"id":14,"country":50,"slug":19,"image":20},{"id":16,"name":17,"slug":18},"the-louvre","The Louvre, or the Louvre Museum (French: Musée du Louvre), is a national art museum in Paris, France, and the most visited museum in the world. It is located on the Right Bank of the Seine in the city's 1st arrondissement (district) and home to some of the most canonical works of Western art, including the Mona Lisa, Venus de Milo, and Winged Victory. The museum is housed in the Louvre Palace, originally built in the late 12th to 13th century under Philip II. Remnants of the Medieval Louvre fortress are visible in the basement of the museum. Due to urban expansion, the fortress eventually lost its defensive function, and in 1546 Francis I converted it into the primary residence of the French kings.\n\nThe building was redesigned and extended many times to form the present Louvre Palace. In 1682, Louis XIV chose the Palace of Versailles for his household, leaving the Louvre primarily as a place to display the royal collection, including, from 1692, a collection of ancient Greek and Roman sculpture. In 1692, the building was occupied by the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres and the Académie Royale de Peinture et de Sculpture, which in 1699 held the first of a series of salons. The Académie remained at the Louvre for 100 years. During the French Revolution, the National Assembly decreed that the Louvre should be used as a museum to display the nation's masterpieces. The palace and exhibition space was expanded in the 19th century and again in the 20th.\n\nThe museum opened on 10 August 1793 with an exhibition of 537 paintings, the majority of the works being royal and confiscated church property. Because of structural problems with the building, the museum was closed from 1796 until 1801. The collection was increased under Napoleon, after the Napoleonic looting of art in Europe, Egypt, and Syria, and the museum was renamed Musée Napoléon, but after Napoleon's abdication, many works seized by his armies were returned to their original owners. The collection was further increased during the reigns of Louis XVIII and Charles X, and during the Second French Empire the museum gained 20,000 pieces. Holdings have grown steadily through donations and bequests since the Third Republic. The collection is divided into eight departments: Egyptian Antiquities; Near Eastern Antiquities; Greek, Etruscan, and Roman Antiquities; Islamic Art; Sculpture; Decorative Arts; Paintings; Prints and Drawings.\n\nThe Musée du Louvre contains approximately 500,000 objects and displays 35,000 works of art in eight curatorial departments with more than 60,600 m2 (652,000 sq ft) dedicated to the permanent collection. The Louvre exhibits sculptures, objets d'art, paintings, drawings, and archaeological finds. At any given point in time, approximately 38,000 objects from prehistory to the 21st century are being exhibited over an area of 72,735 m2 (782,910 sq ft), making it the largest museum in the world. It received 8.7 million visitors in 2024, ranking it as the most-visited art museum, and most-visited museum of any category, in the world.","the-louvre\u002Fbackground\u002Fthe-louvre_background","the-louvre\u002Flogo\u002Fthe-louvre_logo","01 40 20 53 17",1,"Daily: 9:00 AM – 6:00 PM\nWednesday and Friday: open until 8:30 PM\nTuesday: closed","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.louvre.fr","Louvre",{"address":61,"latitude":62,"longitude":63,"name":64,"zipCode":47,"id":65,"city":66,"slug":68,"description":20,"background":69,"logo":70,"phone":71,"popularity":72,"schedules":20,"website":73,"wikipediaId":20},"Jardin des Tuileries",48.8628,2.3253,"Musée de l'Orangerie","7afc3fa0-41dd-4a25-834c-c43ae6e339fa",{"latitude":11,"longitude":12,"name":13,"id":14,"country":67,"slug":19,"image":20},{"id":16,"name":17,"slug":18},"musee-de-l-orangerie","musee-de-l-orangerie\u002Fbackground\u002Fmusee-de-l-orangerie_background","musee-de-l-orangerie\u002Flogo\u002Fmusee-de-l-orangerie_logo","01 44 50 43 00",18,"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.musee-orangerie.fr\u002Fen",{"address":75,"latitude":76,"longitude":77,"name":78,"zipCode":79,"id":80,"city":81,"slug":83,"description":84,"background":85,"logo":86,"phone":87,"popularity":88,"schedules":89,"website":90,"wikipediaId":91},"2 rue Louis-Boilly",48.8592,2.2671,"Musée Marmottan Monet","75016","782e4dee-00f3-43cc-80e2-4be4fbafd970",{"latitude":11,"longitude":12,"name":13,"id":14,"country":82,"slug":19,"image":20},{"id":16,"name":17,"slug":18},"musee-marmottan-monet","The Musée Marmottan Monet (French pronunciation: ; English: Marmottan Monet Museum) is an art museum in Paris, France, dedicated to artist Claude Monet. The collection features over three hundred Impressionist and post-Impressionist paintings by Monet, including his 1872 Impression, Sunrise. A number of Impressionist works by other painters are also displayed; the museum hosts the largest Berthe Morisot public collection in the world.\n\nThe museum finds its origin in the 1932 donation by art historian Paul Marmottan of his father's pavillon de chasse, that he transformed into an hôtel particulier and which now houses the museum, to the Académie des Beaux-Arts, along with a sizeable family collection from the Renaissance and the Napoleonic era. The museum opened in 1934; its fame is the result of a donation in 1966 by Michel Monet, Claude's second son and only heir.","musee-marmottan-monet\u002Fbackground\u002Fmusee-marmottan-monet_background","musee-marmottan-monet\u002Flogo\u002Fmusee-marmottan-monet_logo","+33 1 44 96 50 33",21,"Daily: 10:00 AM – 6:00 PM\nThursday: open until 09:00 PM\nMonday: closed","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.marmottan.fr","Musée_Marmottan_Monet",{"address":93,"latitude":11,"longitude":94,"name":95,"zipCode":8,"id":96,"city":97,"slug":99,"description":100,"background":101,"logo":102,"phone":103,"popularity":104,"schedules":20,"website":105,"wikipediaId":106},"Hôtel national des Invalides, 129 rue de Grenelle",2.3126,"Army Museum","cfdca440-7e1c-4cf1-9145-d544d93fafdf",{"latitude":11,"longitude":12,"name":13,"id":14,"country":98,"slug":19,"image":20},{"id":16,"name":17,"slug":18},"army-museum","The Musée de l'Armée (French: ; \"Army Museum\") is a national military museum of France located at Les Invalides in the 7th arrondissement of Paris. It is served by Paris Métro stations Invalides, Varenne and La Tour-Maubourg\n\nThe Musée de l'Armée was created in 1905 with the merger of the Musée d'Artillerie and the Musée Historique de l'Armée. The museum's seven main spaces and departments contain collections that span the period from antiquity through the 20th century.","army-museum\u002Fbackground\u002Farmy-museum_background","army-museum\u002Flogo\u002Farmy-museum_logo","+33 1 44 42 38 77",39,"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.musee-armee.fr\u002Fen\u002Fhome.html","Army_Museum_(Paris)",{"items":108,"total":72,"page":685,"pageSize":333,"totalPages":56},[109,156,202,226,262,290,317,352,385,419,444,477,510,549,578,603,637,660],{"title":110,"id":111,"artists":112,"slug":128,"date":129,"description":130,"height":131,"image":31,"inPrivateCollection":132,"isLocationUnknown":132,"originalTitle":133,"popularity":134,"width":135,"wikipediaId":136,"collections":137,"genres":138,"museum":143,"movements":146,"mediums":151},"Self-portrait","26759934-166d-42bf-a135-c440d2e1dcdf",[113],{"name":114,"id":115,"nationality":116,"slug":120,"biography":121,"born":122,"death":123,"image":124,"popularity":125,"sex":126,"wikipediaId":127},"Vincent van Gogh","e071d28a-4541-478c-8ac4-227b9e936471",{"id":117,"name":118,"slug":119},"a9c6c9dc-fe5f-46ac-ad89-5121979f7bb7","Dutch","dutch","vincent-van-gogh","Vincent Willem van Gogh (30 March 1853 – 29 July 1890) was a Dutch Post-Impressionist painter who is among the most famous and influential figures in the history of Western art. In just over a decade, he created approximately 2,100 artworks, including around 860 oil paintings, most of them in the last two years of his life. His oeuvre includes landscapes, still lifes, portraits, and self-portraits, most of which are characterised by bold colours and dramatic brushwork that contributed to the rise of expressionism in modern art. Van Gogh's work was only beginning to gain critical attention before his death from suicide at age 37. During his lifetime, only one of Van Gogh's paintings, The Red Vineyard, was sold.\n\nBorn into an upper-middle-class family, Van Gogh drew as a child and was serious, quiet and thoughtful, but showed signs of mental instability. As a young man, he worked as an art dealer, often travelling, but became depressed after he was transferred to London. He turned to religion and spent time as a missionary in southern Belgium. Later he drifted into ill-health and solitude. He was keenly aware of modernist trends in art and, while back with his parents, took up painting in 1881. His younger brother, Theo, supported him financially, and the two of them maintained a long correspondence.\n\nVan Gogh's early works consist of mostly still lifes and depictions of peasant labourers. In 1886, he moved to Paris, where he met members of the artistic avant-garde, including Émile Bernard and Paul Gauguin, who were seeking new paths beyond Impressionism. Frustrated in Paris and inspired by a growing spirit of artistic change and collaboration, in February 1888 Van Gogh moved to Arles in southern France to establish an artistic retreat and commune. Once there, his paintings grew brighter and he turned his attention to the natural world, depicting local olive groves, wheat fields and sunflowers. Van Gogh invited Gauguin to join him in Arles and eagerly anticipated Gauguin's arrival in late 1888.\n\nVan Gogh suffered from psychotic episodes and delusions. He worried about his mental stability, and often neglected his physical health, did not eat properly and drank heavily. His friendship with Gauguin ended after a confrontation with a razor when, in a rage, he mutilated his left ear. Van Gogh spent time in psychiatric hospitals, including a period at Saint-Rémy. After he discharged himself and moved to the Auberge Ravoux in Auvers-sur-Oise near Paris, he came under the care of the homeopathic doctor Paul Gachet. His depression persisted, and on 29 July 1890 Van Gogh died from his injuries after shooting himself in the chest with a revolver.\n\nVan Gogh's work began to attract critical artistic attention in the last year of his life. After his death, his art and life story captured public imagination as an emblem of misunderstood genius, due in large part to the efforts of his widowed sister-in-law Johanna van Gogh-Bonger. His bold use of colour, expressive line and thick application of paint inspired avant-garde artistic groups like the Fauves and German Expressionists in the early 20th century. Van Gogh's work gained widespread critical and commercial success in the following decades, and he has become a lasting icon of the romantic ideal of the tortured artist. Today, Van Gogh's works are among the world's most expensive paintings ever sold. His legacy is celebrated by the Van Gogh Museum in Amsterdam, which holds the world's largest collection of his paintings and drawings.","1853-03-30","1890-07-29","vincent-van-gogh\u002Fvincent-van-gogh",2,"MALE","Vincent_van_Gogh","self-portrait","1889","The Dutch Post-Impressionist painter Vincent van Gogh painted a self-portrait in oil on canvas in September 1889. The work, which may have been his last self-portrait, was painted shortly before he left Saint-Rémy-de-Provence in southern France. It is now in the collection of the Musée d'Orsay in Paris.\n\nThis self-portrait was one of about 32 produced by van Gogh over a 10-year period, and these were an important part of his work as a painter; he painted himself because he often lacked the money to pay for models. He took the painting with him to Auvers-sur-Oise, near Paris, where he showed it to Dr. Paul Gachet, who thought it was \"absolutely fanatical\".\n\nArt historians are divided as to whether this painting or the self-portrait without a beard in a private collection is van Gogh's final self-portrait. The art historians Ingo F. Walther and Jan Hulsker consider this to be the last, with Hulsker believing that it was painted in Arles following van Gogh's admission to hospital after mutilating his ear, whereas Ronald Pickvance considers the self-portrait without a beard to be the later painting.\n\nVan Gogh sent the picture to his younger brother, the art dealer Theo; an accompanying letter read, \"You will need to study for a time. I hope you will notice that my facial expressions have become much calmer, although my eyes have the same insecure look as before, or so it appears to me.\" Walther and Rainer Metzger consider that \"the picture is not a pretty pose nor a realistic record ... one that has seen too much jeopardy, too much turmoil, to be able to keep its agitation and trembling under control\". According to Sister Wendy Beckett the dissolving colours and turbulent patterns signal a feeling of strain and pressure, symbolising the artist's state of mind, which is under a mental, physical and emotional pressure.\n\nThe Musée d'Orsay notes that \"the model's immobility contrasts with the undulating hair and beard, echoed and amplified in the hallucinatory arabesques of the background\".",65,false,"Self-portrait (English)",14,54,"Self-portrait_(van_Gogh,_Paris)",[],[139],{"name":140,"id":141,"slug":142},"Portrait","5e6f789a-abcd-4ef0-1234-567890abcdef","portrait",{"address":4,"latitude":5,"longitude":6,"name":7,"zipCode":8,"id":9,"city":144,"slug":21,"description":22,"background":23,"logo":24,"phone":25,"popularity":26,"schedules":27,"website":28,"wikipediaId":29},{"latitude":11,"longitude":12,"name":13,"id":14,"country":145,"slug":19,"image":20},{"id":16,"name":17,"slug":18},[147],{"name":148,"id":149,"slug":150,"dates":20},"Post-Impressionism","86aae3e1-efba-4a62-93ab-dd9de5288827","post-impressionism",[152],{"name":153,"id":154,"slug":155},"Oil on canvas","f74fc1b0-2804-4c39-a52c-84cad71698d7","oil-on-canvas",{"title":157,"id":158,"artists":159,"slug":174,"date":175,"description":176,"height":177,"image":32,"inPrivateCollection":132,"isLocationUnknown":132,"originalTitle":178,"popularity":179,"width":180,"wikipediaId":181,"collections":182,"genres":183,"museum":188,"movements":191,"mediums":200},"Olympia","65770a30-abd6-4ac0-983e-dc727f9817e3",[160],{"name":161,"id":162,"nationality":163,"slug":167,"biography":168,"born":169,"death":170,"image":171,"popularity":172,"sex":126,"wikipediaId":173},"Édouard Manet","e7da363d-bf60-42de-89d0-b8d856bb305b",{"id":164,"name":165,"slug":166},"ed07084f-12cd-4fcc-b61e-8f2ba92e0866","French","french","edouard-manet","Édouard Manet (UK: \u002Fˈmæneɪ\u002F, US: \u002Fmæˈneɪ, məˈ-\u002F; French: ; 23 January 1832 – 30 April 1883) was a French modernist painter. He was one of the first 19th-century artists to paint modern life, as well as a pivotal figure in the transition from Realism to Impressionism.\n\nBorn into an upper-class household with strong political connections, Manet rejected the naval career originally envisioned for him; he became engrossed in the world of painting. His early masterworks, The Luncheon on the Grass (Le déjeuner sur l'herbe) and Olympia, premiering in 1863 and '65, respectively, caused great controversy with both critics and the Academy of Fine Arts, but soon were praised by progressive artists as the breakthrough acts to the new style, Impressionism. These works, along with others, are considered watershed paintings that mark the start of modern art. The last 20 years of Manet's life saw him form bonds with other great artists of the time; he developed his own simple and direct style that would be heralded as innovative and serve as a major influence for future painters.","1832-01-23","1883-04-30","edouard-manet\u002Fedouard-manet",11,"Édouard_Manet","olympia","1863","Olympia is an 1863 oil painting by Édouard Manet, depicting a nude white woman (\"Olympia\") lying on a bed being attended to by a black maid. The French government acquired the painting in 1890 after a public subscription organized by Claude Monet. The painting is now in the Musée d'Orsay, Paris.\n\nThe figure of Olympia was modeled by 19 year-old Victorine Meurent, and that of her servant by Laure. Olympia's confrontational gaze caused shock and controversy when the painting was first exhibited at the 1865 Paris Salon, especially because a number of details in the picture identified her as a prostitute.\n\nThe title of the painting is generally attributed to Manet's close friend Zacharie Astruc, an art critic and artist, since an excerpt from one of Astruc's poems was included in the catalogue entry along with Olympia when it was first exhibited in 1865.",130.5,"Olympia (French)",22,191,"Olympia_(Manet)",[],[184],{"name":185,"id":186,"slug":187},"Figure painting","8b9c0def-0123-4567-89ab-cdef12345678","figure-painting",{"address":4,"latitude":5,"longitude":6,"name":7,"zipCode":8,"id":9,"city":189,"slug":21,"description":22,"background":23,"logo":24,"phone":25,"popularity":26,"schedules":27,"website":28,"wikipediaId":29},{"latitude":11,"longitude":12,"name":13,"id":14,"country":190,"slug":19,"image":20},{"id":16,"name":17,"slug":18},[192,196],{"name":193,"id":194,"slug":195,"dates":20},"Realism","61b4a8b2-53b3-4b1c-89fa-4a75b61c5bf8","realism",{"name":197,"id":198,"slug":199,"dates":20},"Impressionism","94b7a896-6544-4556-974c-467b626afb4e","impressionism",[201],{"name":153,"id":154,"slug":155},{"title":203,"id":204,"artists":205,"slug":208,"date":175,"description":209,"height":210,"image":33,"inPrivateCollection":132,"isLocationUnknown":132,"originalTitle":211,"popularity":212,"width":213,"wikipediaId":214,"collections":215,"genres":216,"museum":218,"movements":221,"mediums":224},"Luncheon On The Grass","64982967-9953-4c1e-8623-392aacf6e950",[206],{"name":161,"id":162,"nationality":207,"slug":167,"biography":168,"born":169,"death":170,"image":171,"popularity":172,"sex":126,"wikipediaId":173},{"id":164,"name":165,"slug":166},"luncheon-on-the-grass","Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe (French: ; The Luncheon on the Grass) – originally titled Le Bain (The Bath) – is a large oil on canvas painting by Édouard Manet created in 1862 and 1863.\n\nIt depicts a nude woman and a scantily dressed bathing woman on a picnic with two fully dressed men in a rural setting. Rejected by the Salon jury of 1863, Manet seized the opportunity to exhibit this and two other paintings in the 1863 Salon des Refusés, where the painting sparked public notoriety and controversy. The work increased Manet's fame; in spite of this it nonetheless failed to sell at its debut.\nÉdouard Manet – Déjeuner sur l'herbe (earlier version at the Courtauld)\n\nThe work is now in the Musée d'Orsay in Paris. A smaller, earlier version can be seen at the Courtauld Gallery, London.",208,"Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe (French)",26,264.5,"Le_Déjeuner_sur_l'herbe",[],[217],{"name":185,"id":186,"slug":187},{"address":4,"latitude":5,"longitude":6,"name":7,"zipCode":8,"id":9,"city":219,"slug":21,"description":22,"background":23,"logo":24,"phone":25,"popularity":26,"schedules":27,"website":28,"wikipediaId":29},{"latitude":11,"longitude":12,"name":13,"id":14,"country":220,"slug":19,"image":20},{"id":16,"name":17,"slug":18},[222,223],{"name":193,"id":194,"slug":195,"dates":20},{"name":197,"id":198,"slug":199,"dates":20},[225],{"name":153,"id":154,"slug":155},{"title":227,"id":228,"artists":229,"slug":241,"date":242,"description":243,"height":244,"image":34,"inPrivateCollection":132,"isLocationUnknown":132,"originalTitle":245,"popularity":246,"width":247,"wikipediaId":248,"collections":249,"genres":250,"museum":255,"movements":258,"mediums":260},"Dance at Moulin de la Galette","7e33756d-549f-4c38-91e2-da308377a0a5",[230],{"name":231,"id":232,"nationality":233,"slug":234,"biography":235,"born":236,"death":237,"image":238,"popularity":239,"sex":126,"wikipediaId":240},"Pierre-Auguste Renoir","4f05ab4c-ecd2-4115-8cf6-222c48d73a92",{"id":164,"name":165,"slug":166},"pierre-auguste-renoir","Pierre-Auguste Renoir (\u002Frɛnˈwɑːr\u002F; French: ; 25 February 1841 – 3 December 1919) was a French artist who was a leading painter in the development of the Impressionist style. It has been said that, as a celebrator of beauty and especially feminine sensuality, \"Renoir is the final representative of a tradition which runs directly from Rubens to Watteau.\"\n\nHe was the father of the actor Pierre Renoir (1885–1952), the filmmaker Jean Renoir (1894–1979) and the ceramic artist Claude Renoir (1901–1969). He was the grandfather of the filmmaker Claude Renoir (1913–1993), son of Pierre.","1841-02-25","1919-12-03","pierre-auguste-renoir\u002Fpierre-auguste-renoir",19,"Pierre-Auguste_Renoir","dance-at-moulin-de-la-galette","1876","Bal du moulin de la Galette (commonly known as Dance at Le moulin de la Galette) is an 1876 painting by French artist Pierre-Auguste Renoir.\n\nIt is housed at the Musée d'Orsay in Paris and is one of Impressionism's most celebrated masterpieces. The painting depicts a typical Sunday afternoon at the original Moulin de la Galette in the district of Montmartre in Paris. In the late 19th century, working-class Parisians would dress up and spend time there dancing, drinking, and eating galettes into the evening.: 121–3 Like other works of Renoir's early maturity, Bal du moulin de la Galette is a typically Impressionist snapshot of real life. It shows a richness of form, a fluidity of brush stroke, and a flickering, sun-dappled light.\n\nFrom 1879-94 the painting was in the collection of the French painter Gustave Caillebotte; when he died it became the property of the French Republic as payment for death duties. From 1896-1929 the painting hung in the Musée du Luxembourg in Paris. From 1929 it hung in the Louvre until it was transferred to the Musée d'Orsay in 1986.",131,"Bal du moulin de la Galette",27,175,"Bal_du_moulin_de_la_Galette",[],[251],{"name":252,"id":253,"slug":254},"Genre Art","ac674f9c-b197-4cb9-b646-e6af5173aa1b","genre-art",{"address":4,"latitude":5,"longitude":6,"name":7,"zipCode":8,"id":9,"city":256,"slug":21,"description":22,"background":23,"logo":24,"phone":25,"popularity":26,"schedules":27,"website":28,"wikipediaId":29},{"latitude":11,"longitude":12,"name":13,"id":14,"country":257,"slug":19,"image":20},{"id":16,"name":17,"slug":18},[259],{"name":197,"id":198,"slug":199,"dates":20},[261],{"name":153,"id":154,"slug":155},{"title":263,"id":264,"artists":265,"slug":268,"date":269,"description":270,"height":271,"image":35,"inPrivateCollection":132,"isLocationUnknown":132,"originalTitle":272,"popularity":273,"width":274,"wikipediaId":275,"collections":276,"genres":277,"museum":279,"movements":282,"mediums":288},"Bedroom in Arles","dccb8f16-fb55-4557-85e1-026fc5a7779e",[266],{"name":114,"id":115,"nationality":267,"slug":120,"biography":121,"born":122,"death":123,"image":124,"popularity":125,"sex":126,"wikipediaId":127},{"id":117,"name":118,"slug":119},"bedroom-in-arles","1888","Bedroom in Arles (French: La Chambre à Arles; Dutch: Slaapkamer te Arles) is the title given to three similar paintings by 19th-century Dutch Post-Impressionist painter Vincent van Gogh.\n\nVan Gogh's own title for this composition was simply The Bedroom (French: La Chambre à coucher). There are three authentic versions described in his letters, easily distinguishable from one another by the pictures on the wall to the right.\n\nThe painting depicts Van Gogh's bedroom at 2, Place Lamartine in Arles, Bouches-du-Rhône, France, known as the Yellow House. The door to the right opened on to the upper floor and the staircase; the door to the left was that of the guest room he held prepared for Gauguin; the window in the front wall looked on to Place Lamartine and its public gardens. This room was not rectangular but trapezoid with an obtuse angle in the left hand corner of the front wall and an acute angle at the right.",72,"Slaapkamer te Arles (Dutch)",35,90,"Bedroom_in_Arles",[],[278],{"name":185,"id":186,"slug":187},{"address":4,"latitude":5,"longitude":6,"name":7,"zipCode":8,"id":9,"city":280,"slug":21,"description":22,"background":23,"logo":24,"phone":25,"popularity":26,"schedules":27,"website":28,"wikipediaId":29},{"latitude":11,"longitude":12,"name":13,"id":14,"country":281,"slug":19,"image":20},{"id":16,"name":17,"slug":18},[283,284],{"name":148,"id":149,"slug":150,"dates":20},{"name":285,"id":286,"slug":287,"dates":20},"Modern Art","f4c96565-ac59-4dd1-802c-46e44261c09a","modern-art",[289],{"name":153,"id":154,"slug":155},{"title":291,"id":292,"artists":293,"slug":296,"date":269,"description":297,"height":298,"image":36,"inPrivateCollection":132,"isLocationUnknown":132,"originalTitle":299,"popularity":300,"width":301,"wikipediaId":302,"collections":303,"genres":304,"museum":309,"movements":312,"mediums":315},"Starry Night Over the Rhône","974e25aa-eb73-4808-8228-5e03e9ec3b5b",[294],{"name":114,"id":115,"nationality":295,"slug":120,"biography":121,"born":122,"death":123,"image":124,"popularity":125,"sex":126,"wikipediaId":127},{"id":117,"name":118,"slug":119},"starry-night-over-the-rhone","Starry Night (September 1888, French: La Nuit étoilée), commonly known as Starry Night Over the Rhône, is one of Vincent van Gogh's paintings of Arles at night. It was painted on the bank of the Rhône that was only a one or two-minute walk from the Yellow House on the Place Lamartine, which van Gogh was renting at the time. The night sky and the effects of light at night provided the subject for some of van Gogh's more famous paintings, including Café Terrace at Night (painted earlier the same month) and the June, 1889, canvas from Saint-Remy, The Starry Night.\n\nA sketch of the painting is included in a letter van Gogh sent to his friend Eugène Boch on 2 October 1888.\n\nStarry Night, which is now in the Musée d'Orsay in Paris, was first exhibited in 1889 at Paris' annual exhibition of the Société des Artistes Indépendants. It was shown together with van Gogh's Irises, which was added by Vincent's brother, Theo, although Vincent had proposed including one of his paintings from the public gardens in Arles.",72.5,"La Nuit étoilée (French)",38,92,"Starry_Night_Over_the_Rhône",[],[305],{"name":306,"id":307,"slug":308},"Landscape","3c4d5e6f-789a-4bcd-9ef0-1234567890ab","landscape",{"address":4,"latitude":5,"longitude":6,"name":7,"zipCode":8,"id":9,"city":310,"slug":21,"description":22,"background":23,"logo":24,"phone":25,"popularity":26,"schedules":27,"website":28,"wikipediaId":29},{"latitude":11,"longitude":12,"name":13,"id":14,"country":311,"slug":19,"image":20},{"id":16,"name":17,"slug":18},[313,314],{"name":148,"id":149,"slug":150,"dates":20},{"name":285,"id":286,"slug":287,"dates":20},[316],{"name":153,"id":154,"slug":155},{"title":318,"id":319,"artists":320,"slug":335,"date":336,"description":337,"height":338,"image":37,"inPrivateCollection":132,"isLocationUnknown":132,"originalTitle":20,"popularity":339,"width":340,"wikipediaId":341,"collections":342,"genres":343,"museum":345,"movements":348,"mediums":350},"Arrangement in Grey and Black, No. 1 (Whistler's Mother)","4db33e63-adb2-4f1c-bb8e-d1fc47019543",[321],{"name":322,"id":323,"nationality":324,"slug":328,"biography":329,"born":330,"death":331,"image":332,"popularity":333,"sex":126,"wikipediaId":334},"James Abbott McNeill Whistler","4833e148-42c3-43d4-840c-fece7aaf0a1e",{"id":325,"name":326,"slug":327},"a9e38113-32ee-4b9d-90fa-ce79cfbf69af","American","american","james-abbott-mc-neill-whistler","James Abbott McNeill Whistler RBA (\u002Fˈwɪslər\u002F; July 10, 1834 – July 17, 1903) was an American painter in oils and watercolor, and printmaker, active during the American Gilded Age and based primarily in the United Kingdom. He eschewed sentimentality and moral allusion in painting and was a leading proponent of the credo \"art for art's sake\".\n\nHis signature for his paintings took the shape of a stylized butterfly with an added long stinger for a tail. The symbol combined both aspects of his personality: his art is marked by a subtle delicacy, while his public persona was combative. He found a parallel between painting and music, and entitled many of his paintings \"arrangements\", \"harmonies\", and \"nocturnes\", emphasizing the primacy of tonal harmony. His most famous painting, Arrangement in Grey and Black No. 1 (1871), commonly known as Whistler's Mother, is a revered and often parodied portrait of motherhood. Whistler influenced the art world and the broader culture of his time with his aesthetic theories and his friendships with other leading artists and writers.","1834-07-10","1903-07-17","james-abbott-mc-neill-whistler\u002Fjames-abbott-mc-neill-whistler",30,"James_McNeill_Whistler","arrangement-in-grey-and-black-no-1-whistlers-mother","1871","Arrangement in Grey and Black No. 1, best known under its colloquial name Whistler's Mother or Portrait of Artist's Mother, is a painting in oils on canvas created by the American-born painter James McNeill Whistler in 1871. The subject of the painting is Whistler's mother, Anna McNeill Whistler. The painting is 56.81 by 63.94 inches (1,443 mm × 1,624 mm), displayed in a frame of Whistler's own design. It is held by the Musée d'Orsay in Paris, having been bought by the French state in 1891. It is one of the most famous works by an American artist outside the United States. It has been variously described as an American icon and a Victorian Mona Lisa.",144.3,52,162.4,"Whistler's_Mother",[],[344],{"name":185,"id":186,"slug":187},{"address":4,"latitude":5,"longitude":6,"name":7,"zipCode":8,"id":9,"city":346,"slug":21,"description":22,"background":23,"logo":24,"phone":25,"popularity":26,"schedules":27,"website":28,"wikipediaId":29},{"latitude":11,"longitude":12,"name":13,"id":14,"country":347,"slug":19,"image":20},{"id":16,"name":17,"slug":18},[349],{"name":193,"id":194,"slug":195,"dates":20},[351],{"name":153,"id":154,"slug":155},{"title":353,"id":354,"artists":355,"slug":367,"date":368,"description":369,"height":370,"image":38,"inPrivateCollection":132,"isLocationUnknown":132,"originalTitle":371,"popularity":372,"width":373,"wikipediaId":374,"collections":375,"genres":376,"museum":378,"movements":381,"mediums":383},"The Gleaners","c4cbc25c-8b9d-403c-864c-e3dcb4caf0c7",[356],{"name":357,"id":358,"nationality":359,"slug":360,"biography":361,"born":362,"death":363,"image":364,"popularity":365,"sex":126,"wikipediaId":366},"Jean-François Millet","d7f59fe1-f9d5-4aef-a23c-1f98bac08549",{"id":164,"name":165,"slug":166},"jean-francois-millet","Jean-François Millet (French pronunciation: ; 4 October 1814 – 20 January 1875) was a French artist and one of the founders of the Barbizon school in rural France. Millet is noted for his paintings of peasant farmers and can be categorized as part of the Realism art movement. Toward the end of his career, he became increasingly interested in painting pure landscapes. He is known best for his oil paintings but is also noted for his pastels, Conté crayon drawings, and etchings.","1814-10-04","1875-01-20","jean-francois-millet\u002Fjean-francois-millet",31,"Jean-François_Millet","the-gleaners","1857","The Gleaners (Des glaneuses) is an oil painting by Jean-François Millet completed in 1857. It is held in the Musée d'Orsay, in Paris.\n\nIt depicts three peasant women gleaning a field of stray stalks of wheat after the harvest. The painting is famous for featuring in a sympathetic way what were then the lowest ranks of rural society; it was received poorly by the French upper classes.",83.8,"Des glaneuses (French)",58,111.8,"The_Gleaners",[],[377],{"name":185,"id":186,"slug":187},{"address":4,"latitude":5,"longitude":6,"name":7,"zipCode":8,"id":9,"city":379,"slug":21,"description":22,"background":23,"logo":24,"phone":25,"popularity":26,"schedules":27,"website":28,"wikipediaId":29},{"latitude":11,"longitude":12,"name":13,"id":14,"country":380,"slug":19,"image":20},{"id":16,"name":17,"slug":18},[382],{"name":193,"id":194,"slug":195,"dates":20},[384],{"name":153,"id":154,"slug":155},{"title":386,"id":387,"artists":388,"slug":399,"date":400,"description":401,"height":402,"image":39,"inPrivateCollection":132,"isLocationUnknown":132,"originalTitle":403,"popularity":404,"width":405,"wikipediaId":406,"collections":407,"genres":408,"museum":410,"movements":413,"mediums":417},"The Floor Scrapers","9f1b98c4-4e7c-4c0f-8cfb-aa81834e2cd1",[389],{"name":390,"id":391,"nationality":392,"slug":393,"biography":394,"born":395,"death":396,"image":397,"popularity":273,"sex":126,"wikipediaId":398},"Gustave Caillebotte","357d3c0f-0539-40f1-ad57-c9506f647b79",{"id":164,"name":165,"slug":166},"gustave-caillebotte","Gustave Caillebotte (French: ; 19 August 1848 – 21 February 1894) was a French painter who was a member and patron of the Impressionists, although he painted in a more realistic manner than many others in the group. Caillebotte was known for his early interest in photography as an art form. Because of his family's wealth, he was able to serve as a patron of many of his fellow Impressionists. Upon his death, his bequeathed collection of their works became the central collection of Impressionism for the French Republic, despite considerable controversy.\n\nHis most well known work has been Paris Street; Rainy Day, known for qualities such as its mise-en-scène presentation. The Art Institute of Chicago acquired it in 1964, and his work soon drew more attention in the 1970s. Although he has long been regarded for his philanthropy and support as a patron and promoter of Impressionism, he did not have an international retrospective of his work until 100 years after his death in 1994. In 2022, when France successfully attained possession of Boating Party, known for its close-up action perspective, through a National treasure of France declaration process, they asserted that work's cultural significance and prominence with a celebrated display, followed by a national tour of the work and then an exhibition of Caillebotte's work that toured internationally.","1848-08-19","1894-02-21","gustave-caillebotte\u002Fgustave-caillebotte","Gustave_Caillebotte","the-floor-scrapers","1875","Les raboteurs de parquet (English title: The Floor Scrapers) is an oil painting by French Impressionist Gustave Caillebotte. The canvas measures 102 by 146.5 centimetres (40.2 in × 57.7 in). It was originally given by Caillebotte's family in 1894 to the Musée du Luxembourg, then transferred to the Musée du Louvre in 1929. In 1947, it was moved to the Galerie nationale du Jeu de Paume, and in 1986, it was transferred again to the Musée d'Orsay in Paris, where it is currently displayed.",102,"Les raboteurs de parquet (French)",63,146.5,"Les_raboteurs_de_parquet",[],[409],{"name":185,"id":186,"slug":187},{"address":4,"latitude":5,"longitude":6,"name":7,"zipCode":8,"id":9,"city":411,"slug":21,"description":22,"background":23,"logo":24,"phone":25,"popularity":26,"schedules":27,"website":28,"wikipediaId":29},{"latitude":11,"longitude":12,"name":13,"id":14,"country":412,"slug":19,"image":20},{"id":16,"name":17,"slug":18},[414,415,416],{"name":193,"id":194,"slug":195,"dates":20},{"name":197,"id":198,"slug":199,"dates":20},{"name":285,"id":286,"slug":287,"dates":20},[418],{"name":153,"id":154,"slug":155},{"title":420,"id":421,"artists":422,"slug":425,"date":426,"description":427,"height":428,"image":40,"inPrivateCollection":132,"isLocationUnknown":132,"originalTitle":429,"popularity":430,"width":431,"wikipediaId":432,"collections":433,"genres":434,"museum":436,"movements":439,"mediums":442},"Portrait of Dr. Gachet","47b108da-cc08-4818-aa9f-b4006239216b",[423],{"name":114,"id":115,"nationality":424,"slug":120,"biography":121,"born":122,"death":123,"image":124,"popularity":125,"sex":126,"wikipediaId":127},{"id":117,"name":118,"slug":119},"portrait-of-dr-gachet","1890","The Portrait of Doctor Gachet is one of the most revered paintings by the Dutch artist Vincent van Gogh. It depicts Dr. Paul Gachet, a homeopathic doctor and artist with whom van Gogh resided following a spell in an asylum at Saint-Rémy-de-Provence. Gachet took care of Van Gogh during the final months of his life. There are two authenticated versions of the portrait, both painted in June 1890 at Auvers-sur-Oise. Both show Gachet sitting at a table and leaning his head on his right arm, but they are easily differentiated in color and style. There is also an etching.\n\nThe first version was acquired by the Städel in Frankfurt in 1911 and subsequently confiscated and sold by Hermann Göring. In May 1990, under the direction of Christie's auction house Chairman Stephen Lash, it was sold for $82.5 million ($198.6 million today) to Ryoei Saito, making it the world's most expensive painting at that time. It then disappeared from public view and the Städel was unable to locate it in 2019. The second version was owned by Gachet and was bequeathed to France by his heirs. Despite arguments over its authenticity, it now hangs in the Musée d'Orsay, in Paris.",68,"Le docteur Paul Gachet (French)",66,57,"Portrait_of_Dr._Gachet",[],[435],{"name":140,"id":141,"slug":142},{"address":4,"latitude":5,"longitude":6,"name":7,"zipCode":8,"id":9,"city":437,"slug":21,"description":22,"background":23,"logo":24,"phone":25,"popularity":26,"schedules":27,"website":28,"wikipediaId":29},{"latitude":11,"longitude":12,"name":13,"id":14,"country":438,"slug":19,"image":20},{"id":16,"name":17,"slug":18},[440,441],{"name":148,"id":149,"slug":150,"dates":20},{"name":285,"id":286,"slug":287,"dates":20},[443],{"name":153,"id":154,"slug":155},{"title":445,"id":446,"artists":447,"slug":458,"date":459,"description":20,"height":372,"image":460,"inPrivateCollection":132,"isLocationUnknown":132,"originalTitle":461,"popularity":462,"width":463,"wikipediaId":20,"collections":464,"genres":465,"museum":467,"movements":470,"mediums":472},"Ballet","f1945ec0-25db-4fd6-b492-88049ff25e81",[448],{"name":449,"id":450,"nationality":451,"slug":452,"biography":453,"born":454,"death":455,"image":456,"popularity":134,"sex":126,"wikipediaId":457},"Edgar Degas","a9c9b637-998a-4b49-8806-9d431291d422",{"id":164,"name":165,"slug":166},"edgar-degas","Edgar Degas (UK: \u002Fˈdeɪɡɑː\u002F, US: \u002Fdeɪˈɡɑː, dəˈɡɑː\u002F; born Hilaire-Germain-Edgar De Gas, French: ; 19 July 1834 – 27 September 1917) was a French Impressionist artist famous for his pastel drawings and oil paintings.\n\nDegas also produced bronze sculptures, prints, and drawings. Degas is especially identified with the subject of dance; more than half of his works depict dancers. Although Degas is regarded as one of the founders of Impressionism, he rejected the term, preferring to be called a realist, and did not paint outdoors as many Impressionists did.\n\nDegas was a superb draftsman, and particularly masterly in depicting movement, as can be seen in his rendition of dancers and bathing female nudes. In addition to ballet dancers and bathing women, Degas painted racehorses and racing jockeys, as well as portraits. His portraits are notable for their psychological complexity and their portrayal of human isolation.\n\nAt the beginning of his career, Degas wanted to be a history painter, a calling for which he was well prepared by his rigorous academic training and close study of classical Western art. In his early thirties he changed course, and by bringing the traditional methods of a history painter to bear on contemporary subject matter, he became a classical painter of modern life.","1834-07-19","1917-09-27","edgar-degas\u002Fedgar-degas","Edgar_Degas","ballet","c. 1876–1877","edgar-degas\u002Fballet\u002Fballet","Ballet (French)",69,42,[],[466],{"name":185,"id":186,"slug":187},{"address":4,"latitude":5,"longitude":6,"name":7,"zipCode":8,"id":9,"city":468,"slug":21,"description":22,"background":23,"logo":24,"phone":25,"popularity":26,"schedules":27,"website":28,"wikipediaId":29},{"latitude":11,"longitude":12,"name":13,"id":14,"country":469,"slug":19,"image":20},{"id":16,"name":17,"slug":18},[471],{"name":197,"id":198,"slug":199,"dates":20},[473],{"name":474,"id":475,"slug":476},"Pastel on monotyping","aa801f04-d1b0-4a68-8691-4edd07695e91","pastel-on-monotyping",{"title":478,"id":479,"artists":480,"slug":492,"date":493,"description":494,"height":495,"image":496,"inPrivateCollection":132,"isLocationUnknown":132,"originalTitle":497,"popularity":498,"width":131,"wikipediaId":499,"collections":500,"genres":501,"museum":503,"movements":506,"mediums":508},"The Poppy Field near Argenteuil","375c8f82-6c8a-4ed5-9725-e4ea38e5d545",[481],{"name":482,"id":483,"nationality":484,"slug":485,"biography":486,"born":487,"death":488,"image":489,"popularity":490,"sex":126,"wikipediaId":491},"Claude Monet","2d8e979e-49b2-479e-a062-be1d6455ac1e",{"id":164,"name":165,"slug":166},"claude-monet","Oscar-Claude Monet (UK: \u002Fˈmɒneɪ\u002F, US: \u002Fmoʊˈneɪ, məˈ-\u002F; French: ; 14 November 1840 – 5 December 1926) was a French painter and founder of Impressionism who is seen as a key precursor to modernism, especially in his attempts to paint nature as he perceived it. During his long career, he was the most consistent and prolific practitioner of Impressionism's philosophy of expressing one's perceptions of nature, especially as applied to plein air (outdoor) landscape painting. The term \"Impressionism\" is derived from the title of his painting Impression, Sunrise (Impression, soleil levant), which was exhibited in 1874 at the First Impressionist Exhibition, initiated by Monet and a number of like-minded artists as an alternative to the Salon.\n\nMonet was raised in Le Havre, Normandy, and became interested in the outdoors and drawing from an early age. Although his mother, Louise-Justine Aubrée Monet, supported his ambitions to be a painter, his father, Claude-Adolphe, disapproved and wanted him to pursue a career in business. He was very close to his mother, but she died in January 1857 when he was sixteen years old, and he was sent to live with his childless, widowed but wealthy aunt, Marie-Jeanne Lecadre. He went on to study at the Académie Suisse, and under the academic history painter Charles Gleyre, where he was a classmate of Auguste Renoir. His early works include landscapes, seascapes, and portraits, but attracted little attention. A key early influence was Eugène Boudin, who introduced him to the concept of plein air painting. From 1883, Monet lived in Giverny, also in northern France, where he purchased a house and property and began a vast landscaping project, including a water-lily pond.\n\nMonet's ambition to document the French countryside led to a method of painting the same scene many times so as to capture the changing of light and the passing of the seasons. Among the best-known examples are his series of haystacks (1890–1891), paintings of Rouen Cathedral (1892–1894), and the paintings of water lilies in his garden in Giverny, which occupied him for the last 20 years of his life. Frequently exhibited and successful during his lifetime, Monet's fame and popularity soared in the second half of the 20th century when he became one of the world's most famous painters and a source of inspiration for a burgeoning group of artists.","1840-11-14","1926-12-05","claude-monet\u002Fclaude-monet",7,"Claude_Monet","the-poppy-field-near-argenteuil","1873","The Poppy Field near Argenteuil (French: Coquelicots) is an oil-on-canvas landscape painting by the French Impressionist Claude Monet, completed in 1873.\n\nFollowing its donation to the French state in 1906 by Étienne Moreau-Nélaton, it was housed successively in the Louvre, Musée des Arts Décoratifs and the Jeu de Paume. It has been exhibited at the Musée d'Orsay in Paris since 1986.\n\nClaude Monet, then aged 33, lived in Argenteuil (Val-d'Oise) when he completed this painting in 1873.\n\nTitled in French Les Coquelicots, Coquelicots, or Coquelicots, la promenade, this painting was presented the following year at the First Impressionist Exhibition. It brings together some characteristics of impressionist works: an outdoor painting, light shades and sketched details.\n\nAcquired by the art merchant Paul Durand-Ruel, it then passed into the property of the painter Ernest Duez, the singer and collector Jean-Baptiste Faure, and the painter and collector Étienne Moreau-Nélaton. It became property of the French state by the donation of Moreau-Nélaton in 1906. First held by the Département des Peintures of the Louvre Museum, it is currently assigned to the Musée d'Orsay.",50,"claude-monet\u002Fthe-poppy-field-near-argenteuil\u002Fthe-poppy-field-near-argenteuil","Les Coquelicots (French)",94,"The_Poppy_Field_near_Argenteuil",[],[502],{"name":306,"id":307,"slug":308},{"address":4,"latitude":5,"longitude":6,"name":7,"zipCode":8,"id":9,"city":504,"slug":21,"description":22,"background":23,"logo":24,"phone":25,"popularity":26,"schedules":27,"website":28,"wikipediaId":29},{"latitude":11,"longitude":12,"name":13,"id":14,"country":505,"slug":19,"image":20},{"id":16,"name":17,"slug":18},[507],{"name":197,"id":198,"slug":199,"dates":20},[509],{"name":153,"id":154,"slug":155},{"title":511,"id":512,"artists":513,"slug":524,"date":525,"description":526,"height":527,"image":528,"inPrivateCollection":132,"isLocationUnknown":132,"originalTitle":529,"popularity":530,"width":531,"wikipediaId":532,"collections":533,"genres":534,"museum":539,"movements":542,"mediums":547},"The Birth of Venus","ba6d6d4d-8b98-4cc0-af6a-4c549f8cf85c",[514],{"name":515,"id":516,"nationality":517,"slug":518,"biography":519,"born":520,"death":521,"image":522,"popularity":495,"sex":126,"wikipediaId":523},"William Bouguereau","43162238-fb23-4ea7-a3fe-c3f0fccf8456",{"id":164,"name":165,"slug":166},"william-bouguereau","William-Adolphe Bouguereau (French pronunciation: ; 30 November 1825 – 19 August 1905) was a French academic painter. In his realistic genre paintings, he used mythological themes, making modern interpretations of classical subjects, with an emphasis on the female human body. During his life, he enjoyed significant popularity in France and the United States, was given numerous official honors, and received top prices for his work. As the quintessential salon painter of his generation, he was reviled by the Impressionist avant-garde. By the early twentieth century, Bouguereau and his art fell out of favor with the public, due in part to changing tastes. In the 1980s, a revival of interest in figure painting led to a rediscovery of Bouguereau and his work. He finished 822 known paintings, but the whereabouts of many are still unknown.","1825-11-30","1905-08-19","william-bouguereau\u002Fwilliam-bouguereau","William-Adolphe_Bouguereau","the-birth-of-venus","1879","The Birth of Venus (French: La Naissance de Vénus) is one of the most famous paintings by 19th-century painter William-Adolphe Bouguereau. It depicts not the actual birth of Venus from the sea, but her transportation in a shell as a fully mature woman from the sea to Paphos in Cyprus. She is considered the epitome of the Classical Greek and Roman ideal of the female form and beauty, on par with Venus de Milo.\n\nFor Bouguereau, it is considered a tour de force. The canvas stands at just over 300 centimetres (9 feet 10 inches) high, and 218 cm (7 ft 2 in) wide. The subject matter, as well as the composition, resembles a previous rendition of this subject, Sandro Botticelli's The Birth of Venus, as well as Raphael's The Triumph of Galatea.",300,"william-bouguereau\u002Fthe-birth-of-venus\u002Fthe-birth-of-venus","La Naissance de Vénus (French)",96,218,"The_Birth_of_Venus_(Bouguereau)",[],[535],{"name":536,"id":537,"slug":538},"Mythology","3a4e83ec-0f3f-4f44-9f84-94e21ad1abb0","mythology",{"address":4,"latitude":5,"longitude":6,"name":7,"zipCode":8,"id":9,"city":540,"slug":21,"description":22,"background":23,"logo":24,"phone":25,"popularity":26,"schedules":27,"website":28,"wikipediaId":29},{"latitude":11,"longitude":12,"name":13,"id":14,"country":541,"slug":19,"image":20},{"id":16,"name":17,"slug":18},[543],{"name":544,"id":545,"slug":546,"dates":20},"Academic Art","be816d2d-3004-442d-aa2e-2349ae2a2645","academic-art",[548],{"name":153,"id":154,"slug":155},{"title":550,"id":551,"artists":552,"slug":555,"date":556,"description":557,"height":558,"image":559,"inPrivateCollection":132,"isLocationUnknown":132,"originalTitle":560,"popularity":561,"width":562,"wikipediaId":563,"collections":564,"genres":565,"museum":571,"movements":574,"mediums":576},"The Magpie","205fab57-06ad-4626-a631-ebe0a0de5206",[553],{"name":482,"id":483,"nationality":554,"slug":485,"biography":486,"born":487,"death":488,"image":489,"popularity":490,"sex":126,"wikipediaId":491},{"id":164,"name":165,"slug":166},"the-magpie","1868–1869","The Magpie (French: La Pie) is an oil-on-canvas landscape painting by the French Impressionist Claude Monet, created during the winter of 1868–1869 near the commune of Étretat in Normandy. Monet's patron, Louis Joachim Gaudibert, helped arrange a house in Étretat for Monet's girlfriend Camille Doncieux and their newborn son, allowing Monet to paint in relative comfort, surrounded by his family.\n\nBetween 1867 and 1893, Monet and fellow Impressionists Alfred Sisley and Camille Pissarro painted hundreds of landscapes illustrating the natural effect of snow (effet de neige). Similar winter paintings of lesser quantity were produced by Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Gustave Caillebotte, and Paul Gauguin. Art historians believe that a series of severe winters in France contributed to an increase in the number of winter landscapes produced by Impressionists.\n\nThe Magpie is one of approximately 140 snowscapes produced by Monet. His first snowscape, A Cart on the Snowy Road at Honfleur, was painted sometime in either 1865 or 1867, followed by a notable series of snowscapes in the same year, beginning with The Road in Front of Saint-Simeon Farm in Winter. The Magpie was completed in 1869 and is Monet's largest winter painting. It was followed by The Red Cape (1869–1871), the only known winter painting featuring Camille Doncieux.\n\nThe canvas of The Magpie depicts a solitary black magpie perched on a gate formed in a wattle fence, as the light of the sun shines upon freshly fallen snow creating blue shadows. The painting features one of the first examples of Monet's use of colored shadows, which would later become associated with the Impressionist movement. Monet and the Impressionists used colored shadows to represent the actual, changing conditions of light and shadow as seen in nature, challenging the academic convention of painting shadows black. This subjective theory of color perception was introduced to the art world through the works of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe and Michel Eugène Chevreul earlier in the century.\n\nAt the time, Monet's innovative use of light and color led to its rejection by the Paris Salon of 1869. Today, art historians classify The Magpie as one of Monet's best snowscape paintings. The painting was privately held until the Musée d'Orsay acquired it in 1984; it is considered one of the most popular paintings in their permanent collection.",89,"claude-monet\u002Fthe-magpie\u002Fthe-magpie","La Pie (French)",97,130,"The_Magpie_(Monet)",[],[566,567],{"name":306,"id":307,"slug":308},{"name":568,"id":569,"slug":570},"Plants & Animals","a2012eb4-8aad-4fcc-8677-fb27bb222e54","plants-and-animals",{"address":4,"latitude":5,"longitude":6,"name":7,"zipCode":8,"id":9,"city":572,"slug":21,"description":22,"background":23,"logo":24,"phone":25,"popularity":26,"schedules":27,"website":28,"wikipediaId":29},{"latitude":11,"longitude":12,"name":13,"id":14,"country":573,"slug":19,"image":20},{"id":16,"name":17,"slug":18},[575],{"name":197,"id":198,"slug":199,"dates":20},[577],{"name":153,"id":154,"slug":155},{"title":579,"id":580,"artists":581,"slug":584,"date":585,"description":20,"height":586,"image":587,"inPrivateCollection":132,"isLocationUnknown":132,"originalTitle":588,"popularity":589,"width":495,"wikipediaId":20,"collections":590,"genres":591,"museum":596,"movements":599,"mediums":601},"The Rue Montorgueil in Paris. Celebration of June 30, 1878","e8554f5c-f48b-4a15-bee1-3cee0f091adf",[582],{"name":482,"id":483,"nationality":583,"slug":485,"biography":486,"born":487,"death":488,"image":489,"popularity":490,"sex":126,"wikipediaId":491},{"id":164,"name":165,"slug":166},"the-rue-montorgueil-in-paris-celebration-of-june-30-1878","1878",81,"claude-monet\u002Fthe-rue-montorgueil-in-paris-celebration-of-june-30-1878\u002Fthe-rue-montorgueil-in-paris-celebration-of-june-30-1878","La Rue Montorgueil, à Paris. Fête du 30 juin 1878 (French)",98,[],[592],{"name":593,"id":594,"slug":595},"Historical","7c4fd70a-c639-46a9-9138-c1a21665ca09","historical",{"address":4,"latitude":5,"longitude":6,"name":7,"zipCode":8,"id":9,"city":597,"slug":21,"description":22,"background":23,"logo":24,"phone":25,"popularity":26,"schedules":27,"website":28,"wikipediaId":29},{"latitude":11,"longitude":12,"name":13,"id":14,"country":598,"slug":19,"image":20},{"id":16,"name":17,"slug":18},[600],{"name":197,"id":198,"slug":199,"dates":20},[602],{"name":153,"id":154,"slug":155},{"title":604,"id":605,"artists":606,"slug":618,"date":619,"description":620,"height":621,"image":622,"inPrivateCollection":132,"isLocationUnknown":132,"originalTitle":623,"popularity":624,"width":625,"wikipediaId":626,"collections":627,"genres":628,"museum":630,"movements":633,"mediums":635},"The Painter's Studio","d1f2d976-db9e-4fc6-8e59-6c8fd148882d",[607],{"name":608,"id":609,"nationality":610,"slug":611,"biography":612,"born":613,"death":614,"image":615,"popularity":616,"sex":126,"wikipediaId":617},"Gustave Courbet","795de3b6-708e-4942-9982-7ae47de15e5b",{"id":164,"name":165,"slug":166},"gustave-courbet","Jean Désiré Gustave Courbet (UK: \u002Fˈkʊərbeɪ\u002F KOOR-bay; US: \u002Fkʊərˈbeɪ\u002F koor-BAY; French: ; 10 June 1819 – 31 December 1877) was a French painter who led the Realism movement in 19th-century French painting. Committed to painting only what he could see, he rejected academic convention and the Romanticism of the previous generation of visual artists. His independence set an example that was important to later artists, such as the Impressionists and the Cubists. Courbet occupies an important place in 19th-century French painting as an innovator and as an artist willing to make bold social statements through his work.\n\nCourbet's paintings of the late 1840s and early 1850s brought him his first recognition. They challenged convention by depicting unidealized peasants and workers, often on a grand scale traditionally reserved for paintings of religious or historical subjects. Courbet's subsequent paintings were mostly of a less overtly political character: landscapes, seascapes, hunting scenes, nudes, and still lifes. Courbet was imprisoned for six months in 1871 for his involvement with the Paris Commune and lived in exile in Switzerland from 1873 until his death four years later.","1819-06-10","1877-12-31","gustave-courbet\u002Fgustave-courbet",24,"Gustave_Courbet","the-painters-studio","1855","The Painter's Studio (French: L'Atelier du peintre; in full, The Painter's Studio: A real allegory summing up seven years of my artistic and moral life) is an 1855 oil-on-canvas painting by Gustave Courbet. It is located in the Musée d'Orsay in Paris, France.\n\nCourbet painted The Painter's Studio in Ornans, France in 1855. \"The world comes to be painted at my studio,\" said Courbet of the Realist work. The figures in the painting are allegorical representations of various influences on Courbet's artistic life. On the left are human figures from all levels of society. In the center, Courbet works on a landscape, while turned away from a nude model who is a symbol of Academic art. On the right are friends and associates of Courbet, mainly elite Parisian society figures, including Charles Baudelaire, Champfleury, Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, and Courbet's most prominent patron, Alfred Bruyas.\n\nThe 1855 Paris World Fair's jury accepted eleven of Courbet's works for the Exposition Universelle, but The Painter's Studio was not among them. In an act of self promotion and defiance, Courbet, with the help of Alfred Bruyas, opened his own exhibition (The Pavilion of Realism) close to the official exposition; this was a forerunner of the various Salon des Refusés. Very little praise was forthcoming, and Eugène Delacroix was one of the few painters who supported the work. Of the painting, Courbet stated that The Painter's Studio \"represents society at its best, its worst, and its average.\"",361,"gustave-courbet\u002Fthe-painters-studio\u002Fthe-painters-studio","L'Atelier du peintre (French)",99,598,"The_Painter's_Studio",[],[629],{"name":185,"id":186,"slug":187},{"address":4,"latitude":5,"longitude":6,"name":7,"zipCode":8,"id":9,"city":631,"slug":21,"description":22,"background":23,"logo":24,"phone":25,"popularity":26,"schedules":27,"website":28,"wikipediaId":29},{"latitude":11,"longitude":12,"name":13,"id":14,"country":632,"slug":19,"image":20},{"id":16,"name":17,"slug":18},[634],{"name":193,"id":194,"slug":195,"dates":20},[636],{"name":153,"id":154,"slug":155},{"title":638,"id":639,"artists":640,"slug":643,"date":644,"description":20,"height":645,"image":646,"inPrivateCollection":132,"isLocationUnknown":132,"originalTitle":647,"popularity":648,"width":649,"wikipediaId":20,"collections":650,"genres":651,"museum":653,"movements":656,"mediums":658},"Sun Breaking Through the Fog","05aebb34-b4e0-479a-88d1-dddb1ba20c47",[641],{"name":482,"id":483,"nationality":642,"slug":485,"biography":486,"born":487,"death":488,"image":489,"popularity":490,"sex":126,"wikipediaId":491},{"id":164,"name":165,"slug":166},"sun-breaking-through-the-fog","1904",81.5,"claude-monet\u002Fsun-breaking-through-the-fog\u002Fsun-breaking-through-the-fog","Londres, le Parlement. Trouée de soleil dans le brouillard (French)",101,92.5,[],[652],{"name":306,"id":307,"slug":308},{"address":4,"latitude":5,"longitude":6,"name":7,"zipCode":8,"id":9,"city":654,"slug":21,"description":22,"background":23,"logo":24,"phone":25,"popularity":26,"schedules":27,"website":28,"wikipediaId":29},{"latitude":11,"longitude":12,"name":13,"id":14,"country":655,"slug":19,"image":20},{"id":16,"name":17,"slug":18},[657],{"name":197,"id":198,"slug":199,"dates":20},[659],{"name":153,"id":154,"slug":155},{"title":661,"id":662,"artists":663,"slug":666,"date":667,"description":668,"height":669,"image":670,"inPrivateCollection":132,"isLocationUnknown":132,"originalTitle":671,"popularity":672,"width":673,"wikipediaId":674,"collections":675,"genres":676,"museum":678,"movements":681,"mediums":683},"The Siesta","dd1d57be-80a5-47ad-b21e-70a7271f6afc",[664],{"name":114,"id":115,"nationality":665,"slug":120,"biography":121,"born":122,"death":123,"image":124,"popularity":125,"sex":126,"wikipediaId":127},{"id":117,"name":118,"slug":119},"the-siesta","1889–1890","The Siesta (in French, La méridienne or La sieste) is an oil on canvas painting by Vincent van Gogh painted between December 1889 and January 1890 while he was interned in a mental asylum in the French town of Saint-Rémy-de-Provence. It is part of the permanent collection of the Musée d'Orsay, in Paris.\n\nVan Gogh chooses as his theme the siesta, while referring directly to the painting by the same name by French painter Jean Millet. Even despite the peaceful nature of the subject, the paintings radiates Van Gogh's renowned artistic intensity. Also known in French as La méridienne, Van Gogh's The Siesta has been considered one of his masterpieces.",73,"vincent-van-gogh\u002Fthe-siesta\u002Fthe-siesta","La méridienne (French)",115,91,"The_Siesta_(Van_Gogh)",[],[677],{"name":185,"id":186,"slug":187},{"address":4,"latitude":5,"longitude":6,"name":7,"zipCode":8,"id":9,"city":679,"slug":21,"description":22,"background":23,"logo":24,"phone":25,"popularity":26,"schedules":27,"website":28,"wikipediaId":29},{"latitude":11,"longitude":12,"name":13,"id":14,"country":680,"slug":19,"image":20},{"id":16,"name":17,"slug":18},[682],{"name":148,"id":149,"slug":150,"dates":20},[684],{"name":153,"id":154,"slug":155},0]